Characterization of Tigogenin Isolated from Solanum Nigrum and it’s Hepatoprotective Property
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69980/cv01py36Keywords:
S. nigrum, Tigogenin, Steroidal sapogenin, HepatoprotectiveAbstract
This study evaluates the isolation, structural characterization, and hepatoprotective efficacy of the steroidal sapogenin, Tigogenin (SN-1), obtained from Solanum nigrum. Column chromatography of the plant extract yielded a crystalline solid (SN-1) with a melting point of 203–204°C and an Rf value of 0.45–0.52 (Chloroform:Methanol, 9:1). The identity and high purity of Tigogenin (C27H44O3) were confirmed using elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy (O–H stretching at 3524cm-1), 1H-NMR (δ0.70–1.20 ppm for methyl protons and δ 3.30–3.60 ppm for–CHOH), and Mass Spectrometry [M]+ at m/z 416). Acetylation of the parent compound successfully yielded Tigogenin Acetate (M.P. 204–208°C), verified via spectral studies.
The hepatoprotective potential of the S. nigrum alcoholic extract (100–400 mg/kg) and isolated Tigogenin (10–20 mg/kg) was evaluated against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) -induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar albino rats over 14 days. Administration of CCl4 alone caused severe hepatic impairment, significantly elevating serum transaminases (ALT, AST, ALP, GGT) and bilirubin, while depleting albumin levels. Co-treatment with S. nigrum extract and Tigogenin demonstrated potent, dose-dependent hepatoprotection. Notably, the extract at 400 mg/kg and Tigogenin at 20 mg/kg exhibited maximum therapeutic efficacy, effectively restoring liver enzymes, bilirubin, and protein synthesis (albumin) toward near-normal baseline levels. These findings conclude that S. nigrum and its active constituent, Tigogenin, act as powerful natural antioxidant and hepatoprotective agents.
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